Chrome瀏覽器下的10個(gè)搜索技巧你知道幾個(gè)
近期，由于自帶的 Safari 瀏覽器故障頻發(fā)，筆者暫且將默認(rèn)瀏覽器設(shè)置為 Google 旗下的Chrome。我心里清楚，雖然這么做只是暫時(shí)性的，而且還占用了不少內(nèi)存，但同時(shí)也給了我重新認(rèn)識(shí)它的機(jī)會(huì)（因?yàn)橐郧?Windows 只用 Chrome）。所以，寫(xiě)作本文的目的就是向讀者們分享，這段時(shí)間來(lái)我學(xué)到的 Chrome 使用技巧。
需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，雖然 Safari Extensions 無(wú)法與 Chrome Web Store 比擬，論底層技術(shù)和第三方兼容性，或許 Chrome 也略勝一籌，但作為原生的網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器，Safari 義無(wú)反顧地?fù)?dān)任了系統(tǒng)里的重要角色，并隨著 OS X 的不斷升級(jí)和改進(jìn)，它的表現(xiàn)也越來(lái)越值得關(guān)注，所以，筆者實(shí)際并不建議用戶使用第三方瀏覽器取代 Safari。
關(guān)于 Safari 的使用技巧，少數(shù)派此前有過(guò)介紹：《7 個(gè) Safari 8.0 for Mac 的實(shí)用小技巧》。至于本文主角 Chrome 又有哪些技巧呢？請(qǐng)繼續(xù)閱讀下文。
1. Exact phrase
1. 準(zhǔn)確搜索
The simplest and most effective way to search for something specific is to use quote marks around a phrase or name to search for those exact words in that exact order.
最簡(jiǎn)單和最有效的搜索方式是給關(guān)鍵詞加上雙引號(hào)，這樣搜索引擎會(huì)反饋和關(guān)鍵詞完全吻合的搜索結(jié)果。
For instance, searching for Joe Bloggs will show results with both Joe and Bloggs but not necessarily placed sequentially. Searching for “Joe Bloggs” will surface only those that specifically have the name Joe Bloggs somewhere on the page.
例如，搜索 Joe Bloggs 時(shí)，搜索引擎會(huì)返回同時(shí)跟 Joe 和 Bloggs 相關(guān)的結(jié)果，而搜索 Joe Bloggs 時(shí)，搜索引擎只返回跟 Joe Bloggs 相關(guān)的結(jié)果。
The exact or explicit phrase search is very useful for excluding more common but less relevant results.
準(zhǔn)確搜索會(huì)排除常見(jiàn)但相關(guān)度偏低的信息，會(huì)提高搜索的精確性。
2. Exclude terms
2. 排除關(guān)鍵字
If exact phrase doesn’t get you what you need, you can specifically exclude certain words using the minus symbol.
A search for “Joe Bloggs” -jeans will find results for Joe Bloggs, but it will exclude those results for the Joe Bloggs brand of jeans.
如果準(zhǔn)確搜索不能得到想要的結(jié)果，你可以通過(guò)使用 減號(hào) 的方式來(lái)排除特定詞匯。
例如搜索 Joe Bloggs -jeans 時(shí)，搜索引擎會(huì)返回與 Joe Bloggs 匹配但已經(jīng)排除關(guān)鍵字 jeans 的信息。
3. Either OR
3. 用 Either OR（或）進(jìn)行搜索
Default text searches find results with all the words of the query. By using the OR term you can search for one or another term, not just all the terms. OR searches can be useful for finding things that you’re not sure which term will be used from a known list.
默認(rèn)的文本搜索會(huì)返回所有和關(guān)鍵字相關(guān)的信息，通過(guò)使用 OR ，不僅能返回和關(guān)鍵字都相關(guān)的信息，還能返回和兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵字分別相關(guān)的信息。在不確定哪個(gè)哪個(gè)關(guān)鍵字對(duì)搜索結(jié)果起決定作用時(shí)， OR 搜索是很有用的。
4. Synonym search
4. 同義詞搜索
Sometimes it’s useful to search for a less specific term. If you’re not sure which term will be used you can use synonym search.
Searching for plumbing ~university will bring up results for plumbing from colleges as well as universities, for example.
有時(shí)使用不確定的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行搜索反而更有用。如果你不確定使用哪個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，可以試試使用同義詞搜索。
例如，你搜索 plumbing ~university，則搜索引擎會(huì)返回包含 plumbing universities 和 plumbing colleges 的信息。
5. Search within a site
5. 站內(nèi)搜索
The search engines of most websites are poor. You can search using Google instead by using the site or domain limiter.
Searching with site:theguardian.com followed by a search term, will find results from only theguardian.com. Combining with explicit search terms makes it even more powerful.
很多網(wǎng)站缺乏搜索功能，但你可以通過(guò)谷歌等搜索引擎對(duì)站內(nèi)進(jìn)行搜索。
在搜索引擎上輸入 site:theguardian.com 和搜索關(guān)鍵字，搜索引擎會(huì)返回網(wǎng)站 theguardian.com 內(nèi)和關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的信息。結(jié)合準(zhǔn)確搜索，能使這項(xiàng)功能更強(qiáng)大。
6. The power of the asterisk
6. 星號(hào)的用處
Like the blank tile in Scrabble, the asterisk works as a wild card within searches. It can be used in place of a missing word or part of a word, which is useful for completing phrases, but also when you’re trying to search for a less definite article.
A search for architect* will search for architect, but also architectural, architecture, architected, architecting and any other word which starts with architect.
類似拼圖游戲 Scrabble 的空白方塊，在搜索引擎中，不管關(guān)鍵字缺失的是一連串單詞中的其中一個(gè)還是一個(gè)單詞的某一部分，都可以使用星號(hào)來(lái)填補(bǔ)缺失的部分，這同樣適用于搜索一篇確定性偏低的文章。
例如，在搜索引擎輸入 architect*，則會(huì)得到所有包含 architect、architectural、architecture、architected、architecting 以及其他所有以architect 作為開(kāi)頭的詞匯的信息。
7. Searching between two values
7. 在兩個(gè)數(shù)值之間進(jìn)行搜索
Searching for something with a qualifier between two ranges is a good way of answering questions. For instance, if you’re looking for the who were the British prime ministers between 1920 and 1950 a search using british prime minister 1920.. 1950 will bring up results with dates ranging between 1920 and 1950.
That’s your search term followed by two full stops and a space.
在一定范圍內(nèi)使用限定詞來(lái)搜索某些東西是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的方法。例如想要找出 1920 至 1950 年間的英國(guó)首相，直接在搜索引擎中輸入 英國(guó)首相 1920.. 1950 即可得出想要的結(jié)果。
記住，數(shù)值之間的符號(hào)是兩個(gè)英文句號(hào)加一個(gè)空格鍵。
8. Search for word in the body, title or URL of a page
8. 在網(wǎng)頁(yè)標(biāo)題、鏈接和主體(內(nèi)容)中搜索關(guān)鍵詞
Sometimes you only want to find text either within the URL, body or title of a page. Using the qualifier inurl: will search just within the url. The qualifier intext: will search within the body, while intitle: will search only within a page title.
For example, intitle:review will bring up all the articles with “review” in the page title.
有時(shí)，你只想找出所有和關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的網(wǎng)頁(yè)鏈接、網(wǎng)頁(yè)主體(內(nèi)容)和標(biāo)題，這時(shí)，就可以使用對(duì)應(yīng)的限定詞： inurl: 、 intext 和 intitle 。
例如，在搜索引擎中輸入 intitle: 評(píng)測(cè) 會(huì)得到所有和關(guān)鍵詞 評(píng)測(cè) 相關(guān)的網(wǎng)頁(yè)標(biāo)題。
9. Search for related sites
9. 搜索相關(guān)網(wǎng)站
The related qualifier is useful for finding similar sites. Searching for related:theguardian.com for instance, will bring up the websites of other news organisations that Google deems the most similar to the Guardian.
相關(guān)的限定詞可用于搜索相關(guān)網(wǎng)站時(shí)使用。例如，你僅需在搜索引擎中輸入 related:theguardian.com 即可得到所有和 theguardian.com 相關(guān)的網(wǎng)站的搜索結(jié)果。
10. Combine them
10. 組合使用(上述)搜索技巧
All these search tools can be combined to narrow down or expand searches. While some of them may be used only rarely, some such as explicit phrase searches are useful in almost all cases.
As Google and other search engines improve their understanding of the way people naturally type or say search queries, these power tools will likely become less and less useful – at least that’s the goal that search engines are working towards – but that’s certainly not the case at the moment.
你可以組合使用上述的搜索技巧來(lái)縮小或擴(kuò)大搜索范圍。盡管一些搜索技巧不常使用，但是準(zhǔn)確搜索和站內(nèi)搜索的使用范圍是很廣的。
隨著 Google 等搜索引擎對(duì)用戶自然語(yǔ)言理解程度的提高，這些搜索技能的適用場(chǎng)景會(huì)越來(lái)越少，至少這是搜索引擎的共同追求目標(biāo)。但是在當(dāng)下，掌握這些搜索技巧還是非常有用的。
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